Rapid progress
in the field of Science and Technology paved a rapid path of progress for
individuals towards attainment of skills and competence to attain eligibility
of seeking any employment and to earn a living; a purpose of life which is
entirely inflicted with objectives of mere instrumentation; a path which can be
considered as initiator of several wrong deeds; a deviation from chances of
spiritual ascent because of which people often remain off the opportunity of
experiencing the Divine omnipresence.
Chapter seven of The Bhagavadgita
highlights the core principle of Science and Knowledge for making aspirants
aware of the true reason of the globally recognisable and all other
non-recognisable manifestations. There are instances when saints encourage the
fellow aspirant to follow the specified path of spiritual ascent.
There are possibilities of incorporating
all kinds of spiritual aspirations in the field of Care Management, a model
which got its prominence after incorporation of some of the Divine experiences
in the Management model.
We, being aware
of the development of different faculties of Science and Technology, are moving
through information age which quantifies progress in terms of speed of
processing and representing services. It is confirmed from different studies of
present day context that quality is a relative term. We define quality on the
basis of the knowledge base of people indulged in the entire process of system
design and evaluation. We also consider the fact that implementation of Zero
defect system is not possible as we cannot specify absence of defect in any
system from all possible angles. It would be better if we move on through
different sections of the development and aspirations of enhanced management
models for which entire world were seeking assistance.
The Management Model
Once Matsuhita Institute of Government and
Management has organized a seminar to publish one of its ambitious management
model titled Zero Defect System. It was also popular in American Industry since
1964.[1]
The model was really ambitious and also was filled with doubts regarding its
applicability. The reason was very simple: Defect can be pointed out in a
system by some other individual having some other apprehensions of knowledge.
Defectiveness of a system also depends upon the group of people having access
to any segment of process, system or operations. A new dimension came in this
management model in the form of quality assurance.[2]
An action plan became popular which aimed finally towards became the
organizing, motivating, and initiating elements of Zero Defects.
Absolutes of Quality Management model came in
practice with a 14 point operational strategy.[3]
In due course of time four absolutes of
Quality Management were identified by Crosby[4]
These absolutes were as follows:
1.
Quality can be
defined according to conformance to requirements.
2.
Prevention is the
system of quality.
3.
The zero defects
standardise the performance.
4.
Price of
nonconformance is the measurement of quality.[5]
Leading
Management organizations worked out the relativity of the defectiveness of any
system. Some other renowned orgnisations joined hands to work out another
management model namely Total Quality Management.
Probably the term
“Total Quality” was coined for the first time by the Department of Trade and
Industry of United Kingdom during 1983.[6]
It was implemented with certain effectiveness by Defence Department of United
States.[7]
It was also pointed out that the increase in quality standards will come
through a continuing process of evaluation and refinement of the system
implements.
In the model implement of TQM the quality was
defined in accord to the requirements of the reference group. The
responsibility of maintaining quality was solely considered as the subject of
the higher authority engaged in the system implements.[8]
An attempt to standardize quality parameters
was made by Belgium, France, Germany, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. Finally
during 1990 all the quality parameters and system implements are finally
superseded by ISO 9000.[9]
[10]
Quality itself is a relative term that depends
entirely on the quality apprehension of a limited group of people. It often
implies subtle variations in between two or more quality concerns of people
getting involved in delivering or accepting the services and products from the
unit under consideration. What we understand as a best quality can be
appreciated with some limitations to some other group of people. They may point
out some of the hidden demerits of the product or services as per their level
of understanding. It would be more advisable to skip and come out of the
standardization of any products or services in terms of any quality parameters.
More perpetually to say, one can take care of the entire system on the basis of
the level of understanding a person is maintaining. Enhancing the level of
knowledge and understanding and implying the same while delivering services
will be a cyclic dimension of the Care Management that remain focused upon
bringing the best possible services and products from a system implement.
What one can incorporate in the system of the
business cycle, and what one can keep aside for making the production and
processing cycle a cheapest one, is finally reflecting a state of dilemma, with
which any aspirant may remain inflicted.
Because of the aforesaid reason and some other
quality standards cannot be generalised for all the service and production
processes. One cannot apprehend the type, degree and extent of success on the
lines of the system implement which might have brought success for some other
group of individuals. Development in the refinement process for bringing an
absolute standardization in any system in terms of quality is another aspect
that led to the exploration of some more perfect management model impregnated
with some sort of advanced system implements.
The core of System Design
These days incorporation of Information and
Communication tool in the business cycle is becoming an obligatory affair. ICT
is an umbrella term that incorporates a set of communication device in any
system implement.[11]
It often speed up the entire process, make the instrumentation process a
dynamic one, keep the business cycle at proper pace and allow proper thrust
upon the manual involvements. By 2014 the world’s capacity to store digital
information grew up to 5 zettabytes.[12] These days nearly 3 billion people register
their access to internet.[13] It has brought a dramatic change in the
communication system through which distantly located stake holders reduced
their geographical barriers and registered their presence in desired processes
of the efforts related to production and services. Aspects related to Audit and
Accounting, regulating human resources, designing process and instrumentation
and publishing business related documents are some of the aspects duly covered
up through ICT implements. It has even upgraded the entire business cycle
through automation of the productivity chain.
Regarding a misconception of replacement of
manual work force by the automation, it can be clarified that the entirely
automated business cycle will make it more and more result oriented as well as
swift and perfectly designed in terms of operational issues. It can even move
the process instrumentation towards adequate success mark. Our apprehension
with ICT enabled skills of workers getting involved in the entire system will
keep the system implements duly involved in the business cycle a vibrant one.
It can make the entire system of production and processing a competent one and
also it will move up to the globally appreciable standard. The accomplishable
quality enhancement may be a gain for some individual or may be meant for the
gain of the entire community. Without interacting with other individual, a life
process or problems related to the life process may remain un-attended. It may
lead toward a chaos due to demand and supply mismatch, due to mismatch in terms
of the levels of understanding. A doctor, for instance, may remain unexplored
without the approach of fellow patients. Similar the case can be observed in
between communications of students and teachers, advocates and clients, shop
keepers and customers etc.
Communication is therefore an essential part
of human society through which different entities of a system implement often
comes closure to each other. It even makes the social and technological
functioning appropriate as well as time tested. A farmer can communicate the
entity of the immediate requirement for sorting out any problem. Reliance upon
mass communication media will ensure a definite progress in time. Communication
even brings people together for raising their voice jointly upon any issue.
Proper and timely communication even ensures the birth of a vibrant family in
the society. Access to information will raise the level of the community
consciousness that in turn will increase the levels of the understanding of
people. An efficient economic process ensures the total participation of both
people and the implementing agencies for enabling the soft and swift confluence
of the related services and efforts. Involvement of artisans and workers in a
system is primarily determined by the level of experience the referred person
is maintaining.
[1] A Guide to Zero Defects: Quality and Reliability Assurance
Handbook. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense
(Manpower Installations and Logistics). 1965. p. 3. OCLC 7188673. 4155.12-H.
Retrieved May 29, 2014. Early in 1964 the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Installations
and Logistics) invited the attention of the Military Departments and the
Defense Supply Agency to the potential of Zero Defects. This gave the program
substantial impetus. Since that time Zero Defects has been adopted by numerous
industrial and Department of Defense activities.
[2] Halpin, James F. (1966). Zero Defects: A New Dimension in Quality
Assurance. New York City: McGraw-Hill. OCLC 567983091
[3] Crosby, Philip B. (1979). "8: Quality Improvement
Program". Quality Is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain. New York
City: McGraw-Hill. pp. 127–139. ISBN 9780070145122. OCLC 3843884.
[4] Crosby, Philip B. (1984). Quality Without Tears: The Art of
Hassle-free Management. New York City: McGraw-Hill. pp. 58–86. ISBN
9780070145306. OCLC 10277859.
[5] Crosby, Philip B. (1979). Quality Is Free: The Art of Making
Quality Certain. New York City: McGraw-Hill. pp. 85–86. ISBN 9780070145122.
OCLC 3843884. Quality is free. It's not a gift, but it is free. ... Every penny
you don't spend on doing things wrong, over, or instead becomes half a penny
right on the bottom line.
[6] Martínez-Lorente, Angel R.; Dewhurst, Frank; Dale, Barrie G.
(1998), "Total Quality Management: Origins and Evolution of the
Term", The TQM Magazine, Bingley, United Kingdom: MCB University
Publishers Ltd, vol. 10 no. 5, pp. 378–386, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.574.2414,
doi:10.1108/09544789810231261, hdl:10317/441
[7] United States Department of Defense (1989), Total Quality
Management: A Guide for Implementation, Springfield, Virginia: National Technical
Information Service, OCLC 21238720, DoD 5000.51-G
[8] Houston, Archester (December 1988), A Total Quality Management
Process Improvement Model (PDF), San Diego, California: Navy Personnel Research
and Development Center, pp. vii–viii, OCLC 21243646, AD-A202 154, retrieved
2013-10-20
[9] The ISO 9000 family of quality management systems (QMS) is a set of
standards that helps organizations ensure they meet customer and other
stakeholder needs within statutory and regulatory requirements related to a
product or service.
[10] Hoyle, David (2007), Quality Management Essentials, Oxford, United
Kingdom: Butterworth-Heinemann, p. 200, ISBN 9780750667869, OCLC 72868446,
retrieved 2013-10-19
[11] Kondra, Imaniyal (2020). "Use of IT in Higher Education".
UGC Care Journal. India: Studies in Indian Place Names. 40: 280.
[12] "The World's Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and
Compute Information", Martin Hilbert and Priscila López (2011), Science,
332(6025), 60-65; see also "free access to the study" and "video
animation".
A zettabyte is a multiple of the unit
byte that measures digital storage, and it is equivalent to
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 [1021] bytes
[13] "ITU releases annual global ICT data and ICT Development Index
country rankings". www.itu.int. Retrieved 2015-09-01.
